Trimethylolpropane based biolubricant synthesis from sweet almond (Prunusamygdalus dulcis) seed oil for use in automotive applications.
نویسندگان
چکیده
This paper presents a synthesis of sweet almond oil-based trimethylolpropane biolubricant and the evaluation its temperature-dependent viscosity properties. The oil was converted into biodiesel by transesterification process after extraction, refining, acid-alkaline transesterification. After that, produced further transesterifying with at 105 oC ratio 3.9:1 for 60-minute reaction time potassium hydroxide catalyst concentration 1 wt. %. According to American Standard Test Methods (ASTM), biolubricant's pour point index were determined be 267.50 -4 oC, respectively. measured viscosities 42.80, 30.18, 21.39, 12.25, 8.90 cSt. cSt 30, 40, 60, 80, 100 °C, demonstrating an inverse relationship between temperature lubricant viscosity. difference FTIR spectra biolubricant—1755.74 cm-1 versus 1743.96 cm-1—verifies ester group. Sweet has higher iodine content than unsaturated glycerides (9.52 g per sample) includes 53.478 % more fatty acids saturated acids, 71.725 according gas chromatographic data. Linoleic acid made up majority in synthetic biolubricant, percentages 31.44 45.93 %, contained palmitic, linoleic, oleic acids. potential function as light gear automobiles because characterization results correlate favorably ISO VG-32 criteria
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society, Section A: Chemistry
سال: 2023
ISSN: ['2149-0120']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18596/jotcsa.1178460